[ENG] Le Mont-Saint-Michel (English: Saint Michael’s Mount) is an island commune in Normandy, France. It is located about one kilometre (0.6 miles) off the country’s northwestern coast, at the mouth of the Couesnon River near Avranches. 100 hectares (247 acres) in size. As of 2009, the island has a population of 44.
The island has held strategic fortifications since ancient times and since the 8th century AD has been the seat of the monastery from which it draws its name. The structural composition of the town exemplifies the feudal society that constructed it: on top, God, the abbey and monastery; below, the great halls; then stores and housing; and at the bottom, outside the walls, houses for fishermen and farmers.
Its unique position — on an island just 600 metres from land — made it accessible at low tide to the many pilgrims to its abbey, but defensible as an incoming tide stranded, drove off, or drowned would-be assailants. The Mont remained unconquered during the Hundred Years’ War; a small garrison fended off a full attack by the English in 1433. The reverse benefits of its natural defence were not lost on Louis XI, who turned the Mont into a prison. Thereafter the abbey began to be used more regularly as a jail during the Ancien Régime.
One of France’s most recognizable landmarks, visited by more than 3 million people each year, Mont Saint-Michel and its bay are on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. Over 60 buildings within the commune are protected in France as monuments historiques.
[NL] De Mont Saint-Michel is een klein, rotsachtig schiereiland in Frankrijk. Het eiland ligt ongeveer 1 kilometer uit de kust bij de plaats Avranches in Normandië. Het is oorspronkelijk een getijdeneiland: het was over land bereikbaar bij laagwater, maar bij hoogwater was het omringd door water. Tegenwoordig loopt er een smalle verhoogde weg naar het eiland. Mont Saint-Michel, met zijn trapstraten, is alleen toegankelijk voor voetgangers.
In 1979 werd de Mont Saint-Michel met abdijcomplex en de omliggende baai uitgeroepen tot werelderfgoed door de UNESCO
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